Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder or ASD, is a developmental disorder that affects communication and behaviour. It’s usually diagnosed in early childhood and is characterised by difficulties in communication, social interaction, and repetitive behaviours. 

When it comes to communication, some individuals with autism may have difficulty with speaking or understanding words, and may demonstrate delayed or disordered language skills. Social interaction can also be challenging for those with autism. They may have a hard time developing age-appropriate skills for relating to others, such as making friends or engaging in conversations. Additionally, they may find it difficult to understand the emotions of those around them or to express their own feelings. 

Repetitive behaviours are also common in individuals diagnosed with autism. These behaviours may include hand-flapping, spinning, rocking back-and-forth, or repeating certain phrases or words. 

When it comes to diagnosis, there is no single medical or genetic test for autism. Rather, diagnosis is based on a comprehensive evaluation of an individual’s language and behaviour, as well as a review of their medical and developmental history. 

Autism is different for everyone affected by it and no two individuals will experience the same symptoms. Though they may face challenges throughout their lifetime, individuals with autism can lead successful and meaningful lives with the right support and resources.